Computer Engineer History

This book presents an organizational and social history of one of the foundational projects of the computer era: the development of the SAGE (Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) air defense system, from its first test at Bedford, Massachusetts, in 1951, to the installation of the first unit of the New York Air Defense Sector of the SAGE system, in 1958. The idea for SAGE grew out of Project Whirlwind, a wartime computer development effort, when the U.S. Department of Defense realized that the Whirlwind computer might anchor a continent-wide advance warning system. Developed by MIT engineers and scientists for the U.S. Air Force, SAGE monitored North American skies for possible attack by manned aircraft and missiles for twenty-five years.Aside from its strategic importance, SAGE set the foundation for mass data-processing systems and foreshadowed many computer developments of the 1960s. The heart of the system, the AN/FSQ-7, was the first computer to have an internal memory composed of "magnetic cores," thousands of tiny ferrite rings that served as reversible electromagnets. SAGE also introduced computer-driven displays, online terminals, time sharing, high-reliability computation, digital signal processing, digital transmission over telephone lines, digital track-while-scan, digital simulation, computer networking, and duplex computing.The book shows how the wartime alliance of engineers, scientists, and the military exemplified by MIT's Radiation Lab helped to transform research and development practice in the United States through the end of the Cold War period.

This history of computing focuses not on chronology (what came first and who deserves credit for it) but on the actual architectures of the first machines that made electronic computing a practical reality. The book covers computers built in the United States, Germany, England, and Japan. It makes clear that similar concepts were often pursued simultaneously and that the early researchers explored many architectures beyond the von Neumann architecture that eventually became canonical. The contributors include not only historians but also engineers and computer pioneers.An introductory chapter describes the elements of computer architecture and explains why "being first" is even less interesting for computers than for other areas of technology. The essays contain a remarkable amount of new material, even on well-known machines, and several describe reconstructions of the historic machines. These investigations are of more than simply historical interest, for architectures designed to solve specific problems in the past may suggest new approaches to similar problems in today's machines.

Computer History Museum - The Computer History Museum is a museum established in 1996, when the Boston Computer Museum sent its large mainframes and historical artifacts collection to Moffett Field for storage so that the Boston Computer Museum could concentrate more on modern computers. Thus, it was originally The Computer Museum History Center until 2001 and dedicated to preserving] the history of the [[information age and the computing revolution.

Apple Computer financial history - This article, Apple Computer financial history, covers the subject of Apple Computer's financial history and the AAPL stock symbol.

History of Apple Computer - This article is about the History of Apple Computer, a Silicon Valley company based in Cupertino, California, whose core business is computer technologies. To view more general information about the company see the Apple Computer article.

History of computer and video games - Although the history of computer and video games spans almost five decades, computer and video games themselves did not become part of the popular culture until the late 1970s.

computerengineerhistory

Computer History Software - Computer History Software Encyclopedia of Computers and Computer History The Encyclopedia of Computers computer history software and Computer History provides a complete A-to-Z reference guide to computers, their development, computer history software and their usage in today`s world. Beginning with Abacus, this two-volume set provides over 900 pages of facts, definitions, biographies, histories, computer history software and explanations of a remarkable variety of computer-related subjects.The Encyclopedia`s 600 entries--many of which represent the first ...

Computer Hardware Engineer - Computer Hardware Engineer Computer hardware - Computer hardware is the physical parts of a computer, as distinguished from the computer software or computer programs and data that operate within the hardware. The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed, in comparison with software and data which are "soft" in the sense that they are readily created, modified or erased on the computer. White box (computer hardware) - In computer hardware, a white box is a personal computer assembled from off-the-shelf parts ...

Computer Software History - Computer Software History Encyclopedia of Computers and Computer History The Encyclopedia of Computers computer software history and Computer History provides a complete A-to-Z reference guide to computers, their development, computer software history and their usage in today`s world. Beginning with Abacus, this two-volume set provides over 900 pages of facts, definitions, biographies, histories, computer software history and explanations of a remarkable variety of computer-related subjects.The Encyclopedia`s 600 entries--many of which represent the first ...

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